A Line Between the Policy and the Procedure According to the Law Research Paper

A Line Between the Policy and the Procedure According to the Law - Research Paper Example Here we may refer to the case of an uneven agreement on account of Carlill v Carbolic Smoke Ball Company. Duties must be resolved given one gathering of an agreement offers the terms and the other acknowledge the provisions of an agreement. In the American legitimate framework if there should be an occurrence of non-execution/sick aim of the acceptor, the abused may call the acceptor to satisfy authoritative/lawful commitments by playing out their obligations as revered in the agreement (Barnett 2003). Money related remuneration is the main choice accessible to the acceptor in lieu of misfortunes caused independently or all things considered. The court of capable ward or the named referee by the official courtroom decides the misfortunes happened to the organization and the estimation of financial pay offered there against (McKendrick 2005). Remuneration is a two dimensional technique which contained legitimate ramifications for the transgressors and to give the alternative of a deal if need be. Legitimate impairment hold back acceptor to accomplish something which is illegal/adds up to a penetrate of agreement. In the referenced situation the affecters may conjure the locale of the skillful official courtroom for remuneration in lieu of harms. A lawful burden is a guarantee to accomplish something where the law grants to do as such or to forgo accomplishing something where the law doesn't allow to do as such. The two viewpoints for example legitimate drawback and deal which are nearer to one another, build up relationship who offers contract and the person who acknowledges an agreement to submit to the particulars of a contractual worker to confront the outcomes of a penetrate of agreement.

Free Essays on Formal Analysis Of Looking At Crab-apple Blossoms At Night

of Frank Lloyd Wright, â€Å"Form follows work - that has been misjudged. Structure and capacity ought to be one, participated in an otherworldly union.† This is the relationship of structure to work found in the Southern Song court painting, Looking at Crab-apple Blossoms at Night. Painted on a silk fan with ink and shading, the piece fills a need past its creative worth by working as a fan. The substance of the fan’s symbolism is a portrayal of a sonnet created by Su Shi for the sovereign Lizong. Taking a gander at Crab-apple Blossoms at Night is, subsequently, exceptionally ready to produce a marriage between structure and capacity, yet additionally content. Since the fan was painted for the most part in ink, the silk was in all likelihood shrouded in a coating to forestall a weakening of the strength of the ink because of ingestion by the silk. On the other hand, measuring silk makes the surface smooth and progressively hard to paint on. Such a surface requires fastidious and conscious strokes. In this manner, the craftsman without a doubt put a lot of exertion into the arrangement and substance while keeping up a spotless and deliberate brushstroke. The scene depicted on the fan fills two needs. It shows the patron’s sonnet by noticeably showing symbolism from the sonnet, for example, the blossoms and silver candles. The conventional style utilized by the craftsman joins substance and structure. The pictorial symbolism fills the double need of making a state of mind of peacefulness. The quietness of the scene loans to the capacity of the fan, which is to prompt solace. One ordinarily utilizes a fan when the atmosphere is hot and brutal. The symbolism of Looking at Crab-apple Blossoms at Night portrays a cool, spring night at a serene and natural structure amidst a peaceful and picturesque scene. Any individual who requires the fan’s work is in this manner shipped to a cool and quiet resting spot. The tranquil tone of the artistic creation is accomplished using a few conventional procedures. Sharp and angul... Free Essays on Formal Analysis Of Looking At Crab-apple Blossoms At Night Free Essays on Formal Analysis Of Looking At Crab-apple Blossoms At Night In the expressions of Frank Lloyd Wright, â€Å"Form follows work - that has been misconstrued. Structure and capacity ought to be one, participated in an otherworldly union.† This is the relationship of structure to work found in the Southern Song court painting, Looking at Crab-apple Blossoms at Night. Painted on a silk fan with ink and shading, the piece fills a need past its aesthetic worth by working as a fan. The substance of the fan’s symbolism is a portrayal of a sonnet made by Su Shi for the ruler Lizong. Taking a gander at Crab-apple Blossoms at Night is, in this way, interestingly ready to produce a marriage between structure and capacity, yet in addition content. Since the fan was painted for the most part in ink, the silk was undoubtedly canvassed in a coating to forestall a weakening of the intensity of the ink because of assimilation by the silk. On the other hand, estimating silk makes the surface smooth and progressively hard to paint on. Such a surface requires fastidious and purposeful strokes. In this manner, the craftsman without a doubt put a lot of exertion into the organization and substance while keeping up a perfect and purposeful brushstroke. The scene depicted on the fan fills two needs. It represents the patron’s sonnet by conspicuously showing symbolism from the sonnet, for example, the blossoms and silver candles. The conventional style utilized by the craftsman joins substance and structure. The pictorial symbolism fills the double need of making a state of mind of peacefulness. The tranquility of the scene loans to the capacity of the fan, which is to incite comfort. One normally utilizes a fan when the atmosphere is hot and brutal. The symbolism of Looking at Crab-apple Blossoms at Night delineates a cool, spring night at a serene and natural structure amidst a quiet and picturesque scene. Any individual who requires the fan’s work is in this manner moved to a cool and peaceful resting spot. The tranquil tone of the artistic creation is accomplished using a few proper strategies. Sharp and angul...

37 Quotes on Trust That Will Make You Think

37 Quotes on Trust That Will Make You Think Trust is a highly valuable asset that can either make or break a person especially the relationships they have with their family and have built with their friends, workplace colleagues, clients, and bosses. Trust is as fragile as glass, in which it is easy to break and very hard to get back.You have to understand that there are people who will remain loyal and loving to you like your parents, siblings and certain family members in general, but you will also come across those who may say by mouth that they won’t break a promise but do so anyway.There are also times when that trust is soiled by a family member as well.Here are some of the best quotes around that will help you think about the role of trust in life as well as leadership:1.  It takes 20 years to build a reputation and five minutes to ruin it. Warren BuffettMeaning: It takes a very long time to build a foundation of trust, leadership, and commitment with someone or a group of people in which one undesirable act can chan ge everyone’s view about a person or an organization for the worse.2.  The glue that holds all relationships togetherincluding the relationship between the leader and the ledis trust, and trust is based on integrity. Brian TracyMeaning: Trust is like the glue that holds every crucial relationship in place, be it family or business. And trust in business is based on integrity, which is defined by having strong moral principles and above all, being honest.3. A single lie discovered is enough to create doubt in every truth expressed.Meaning: All it takes is one tiny lie to change your perspective on the person you thought you could trust the most in your life. It may even be possible for you to never trust that person ever again.4. We need people in our lives with whom we can be as open as possible. To have real conversations with people may seem like such a simple, obvious suggestion, but it involves courage and risk. Thomas MooreMeaning: This quote couldn’t be as simple and str aightforward as it already is. We truly need people with whom we not only can be open with but also have real meaningful conversations with. And though it may seem simple in thought, it is not so much so in practice. That’s because such things require courage and trust as the most essential pieces to make this work.5. “Self-trust is the essence of heroism” Ralph Waldo EmersonMeaning: No one else is going to help you get positive results in life but you yourself. Others may not have faith or trust in what you want to do in life, but if you have faith in yourself and stick with it, then it may likely come true.6. Trust is like blood pressure. Its silent, vital to good health, and if abused it can be deadly. Frank Sonnenberg, author of Follow Your ConscienceMeaning: Another quote about just how fragile trust can be. Here, it’s both silent and vital to one’s good health and if abused, can be very detrimental.7. “Don’t trust the person who has broken faith once.” â€" Wi lliam ShakespeareMeaning: Lying can be so disastrous that once it’s done, it can be very hard or even impossible to ever trust the person who did it to you.8. Better to trust the man who is frequently in error than the one who is never in doubt. Eric SevareidMeaning: Trust isn’t perfect. It’s bound to be riddled with mistakes and flaws. But it’s far better to trust someone who acknowledges their flaws than those who never want to.9. “Trust takes years to build, seconds to break, and forever to repair.” UnknownMeaning: Trust is both fragile and expensive in that it takes seconds to break and a long time to rebuild. That’s why you have to be careful with whom you swear your trust to and stay committed to it.10. “Trust is like a mirror, you can fix it if it’s broken, but you can still see the crack in its reflection.” â€" Lady GagaMeaning: Once a trust with someone is broken, the scars are so deep that they are forever embedded in a person’s mind after being bet rayed. Nobody can undo what they have done in the past and must move forward to ensure it doesn’t happen again.11. “How can people trust the harvest unless they see it sown?” Mary RenaultMeaning: Believing something blindly may not just fill your head with doubts but also potentially hurt you in the end. You should not exchange feelings of trust or love with anyone unless you are certain they are worthy enough for it.12. “Ultimately, there can be no complete healing until we have restored our primal trust in life.” Georg FeuersteinMeaning: When we have felt the sting of betrayal deep in our hearts, we feel as if we may never trust anyone ever again. But that is only going to further agitate our feelings of depression. So we must re-establish hope and trust in the world if we are to ever able to move on with our lives.13. “It was a mistake,” you said. But the cruel thing was, it felt like the mistake was mine, for trusting you. â€" David LevithanMeaning: This is when we have been betrayed by the person we thought we could trust more than once and it comes to a point where we assume that it is our own fault for trusting that person again in spite of knowing about their past mistakes. It’s always best to keep your guard up before you let anyone get too close to you.14. “Trust starts with truth and ends with truth.” Santosh KalwarMeaning: This one quote goes to show you how valuable and priceless trust really is. It tells us that no matter what happens, we must always be honest and open about the people we dedicate our love and trust towards.15. “Trusting is hard. Knowing who to trust, even harder.” Maria V. SnyderMeaning: Someone you don’t know will always say they mean well, but it is honoring those very words that will make the ultimate difference. The process could take months, perhaps even years. That’s how hard and strenuous it can be to legitimately earn a person’s trust. Opening your heart to someone very soon will only hu rt you in the long-run.16. “After all, what does being in love mean if you can’t trust a person.” â€" Evelyn WaughMeaning: Love isn’t something that’s only built on hugs, kisses and other intimate acts, but the trust that comes with keeping a relationship strong and alive.17. “Im not upset that you lied to me, Im upset that from now on I cant believe you.” ? Friedrich NietzscheMeaning: A relationship can be so damaged to the point that nothing anyone says can ever fix it or return it to what it once was. And the idea that we were lied to by the person who solemnly swore would never lie to us at all runs too deep that it’s virtually impossible for us to forgive them.18. “If you give your trust to a person who does not deserve it, you actually give him the power to destroy you.” Khaled SaadMeaning: It’s never a good idea to let yourself be vulnerable to someone whom you have not known previously and who could very likely use your secrets to ruin or even destroy your life. If you are certain after some time that you can let them into your personal life, and if they swear to abide by your secrets, then it could be okay for you to open up to them some more. But take it slow before you do.19. “I do not trust words. I even question actions. But I never doubt patterns.” UnknownMeaning: People may at times be so good at lying that you may never tell it’s a lie. People can also fake their actions just as seamlessly, but the one thing they can’t fake are their patterns. So before you even think about trying to trust someone, pay attention to their patterns and look for any hints that seem odd or controversial. That’s how you can tell someone is taking advantage of you.20. The people when rightly and fully trusted will return the trust. Abraham LincolnMeaning: Such words of wisdom can only be spoken by one who is referred to as ‘Honest Abe.’ If you want people to trust you, you need to be honest and transparent with them first. Don†™t expect people to openly throw themselves at you for no reason because then it’s all wrong.21. “You may be deceived if you trust too much, but you will live in torment unless you trust enough.” â€" Frank CraneMeaning: It’s a fair quote that simply means you can’t be too trusting to others unless you want to be deceived just as you should be trusting enough just so you don’t live with regrets. If you trust someone, they may surely return the favor. But keep in mind that the results aren’t always as such.22. “I’m a good enough person to forgive you, but not stupid enough to trust you again.” UnknownMeaning: This quote simply indicates that the damage has been done and it’s time for both people to move on. We may be humble enough to forgive the person who lied to us, but not enough to trust them in our lives again.23. “Love all, trust a few.” â€" William ShakespeareMeaning: Don’t necessarily buy the ‘love all’ aspect of Shakespeare’s quote, but as f ar as the latter half of it goes, definitely. Nobody should force you to trust anyone, and if they do, chances are that they’re totally lying to you just so they can exploit your weaknesses.24. “Trust, but verify.” Ronald ReaganMeaning: Short sweet and to the point. Behind that cute face is a two-faced, double-crossing, swindling scoundrel who’s ready to do serious damage to your life as soon as you drop your guard.25. “Never trust someone who lies to you. Never lie to someone who trusts you.” â€" Deanna WadsworthMeaning: Couldn’t be any truer than this. We shouldn’t trust anyone who lies to us just as we shouldn’t lie to the one who trusts us. It’s a fair deal that we must adhere to for as long as we live.26. Trust is the lubrication that makes it possible for organizations to work. Warren BennisMeaning: The only way organizations can achieve the success that they strive for is if they’re completely open and trusting of their entire team. No morally-abiding employee would ever throw themselves for a company that doesn’t have faith in their skills and capabilities.27. Trust each other again and again. When the trust level gets high enough, people transcend apparent limits, discovering new and awesome abilities of which they were previously unaware. David ArmisteadMeaning: A little too specific, but the point has been established. You can’t operate a high-profile organization when you constantly give your employees the thought that you don’t have faith in their abilities. If you put your trust in them, then they may be able to deliver appropriate results. And once your trust in them reaches higher than ever, they can even go past their limits and discover new abilities that they weren’t aware of before.28. “When you fully trust someone without any doubt, you finally get one of two results: a person for life or a lesson for life.” UnknownMeaning: There are two sides to trust. One side gives you a person who will be with you for life and the other side leaves you with a harsh lesson that you will make you stronger than before. The latter lesson is betrayal and it will allow you to be more wary of people before you let them get too close to you.29. “Tell a lie once, and all your truths become questionable.” UnknownMeaning: All it takes is one slip up to ruin everyone’s perception of the person they assumed was authentic and transparent. It’s like the whole country becoming frustrated after finding out that their president had a shady past full of underhanded tactics and wrongdoings.30. “Trust is like an eraser; it gets smaller and smaller after every mistake” UnknownMeaning: Every lie or mistake that a person makes, ruins the overall image of trust that they’ve worked so hard to build for so many years.31. “It takes two people to make a lie work: the person who tells it, and the one who believes it.” â€" Jodi PicoultMeaning: Just pure, unadulterated fact being spoken right here. You k now that you have been lied to when the person you swore your trust to never held up their end of the bargain and that you believed them all the way before you even realized the truth.32. “Love is giving someone the power to destroy you, but trusting them not to.” UnknownMeaning: Trust is like a double-edged sword in which you don’t know whether you’re with someone who is going to love you forever or turn their backs on you when you least expect it. There’s no sure of knowing who’s right and who’s a louse, so the best thing you can do is hope or pray that it all turns out alright in the end.33. “There are only two types of people that tell the truth, the drunk and the angry…” UnknownMeaning: If the tirade that Mel Gibson went on in the past is any indication, it should be noted that people only tell the truth when they’re angry or drunk and not when they’re conscious.34. “My love is unconditional. My trust and my respect are not.” UnknownMeaning: You c an love someone unconditionally, but it doesn’t necessarily apply when you want to trust or respect someone, especially someone outside your family circle.35. “Stop asking me to trust you while I’m still coughing up water from the last time you let me drown.” UnknownMeaning: Yes, soiling someone’s trust could be like letting someone drown when they needed them the most. So the last thing a liar should do is ask the person they let down to trust them right after such an incident.36. “The Less You Trust, The Less You Get Hurt.” UnknownMeaning: This is so obvious that it should pass off as common sense. The less you open up to people around you, the less likely they’re going to harm or cheat you in the end. Not everyone is going to be warm or inviting to you when you meet them.37. “When you start to wonder whether you can trust someone or not, that is when you already know you don’t.” UnknownMeaning: Trust shouldn’t be like a piece of candy you’re handing o n a silver platter. It has to be carefully reserved for when you are 90% sure you can open yourself to the person that you think you can share your secrets with. And when you start having doubts, that is when you’re certain that the person is not worthy of being trusted.

How Important Is Culture - 1528 Words

How important is Culture According to Maya Angelou, Amy tan, Chia-Fang (Sandy) Hsu, Janell Hobson, Yong Chen, Felicia F. Thomas, and Fuchs Lawrence, culture is what brings a community together as one. In â€Å"Champions of the World,† â€Å"Fish Cheeks,† â€Å"Acculturation and communication Traits: A Study of Cross-cultural Adaptation among Chinese in America,† â€Å"Between History and Fantasy: Harriet Tubman in the Artistic and Popular Imaginary,† â€Å"Recreating the Chinese American Home through Cookbook Writing,† â€Å"African American and Socialization,† and â€Å"Immigration, Multiculturalism, and American history†. All the authors mention and talk about how important is to know once culture. For generation culture has been what makes America so unique among†¦show more content†¦If Louis had lost the fight that day, it would have been a step back for all African Americans. Which would had lead them back to being nothin g but idle, stinky, rubbish, and dirty people (Angelou 106). However, by winning the fight he confirmed that Africans Americans are strong and have the same capacity and will as white Americans. This goes to show how culture can bring a community together as one. â€Å"Fish Cheeks,† an essay written by Amy Tan, emphasizes the importance of accepting once customs and surpass embarrassment. It relates the humiliation she went through as a teenager for Christmas Eve, when her family invites her crush, and his family to enjoy a Chinese traditional meal. The affection she had towards the minister’s son blinded her from seeing her families effort. Indeed, Tan was focusing on what others would think of her appearances and customs. The quote â€Å"Your only shame is to have shame,† is the lesson imparted by her mother, meaning she should be a shame of not accepting herself, her family, and traditions (Tan 111). In the article â€Å"Acculturation and Communication Trait s: A study of Cross-Cultural Adaptation among Chinese in American,† the author Chia- Fang (Sandy) Hsu, did a study base on how communication affected the culture of Americans and Chinese. When a Chinese person moves from china to the United States, the first thing they do to adjust themselves to their new atmosphere, is learning how to communicate. According to Fang

Running HeadSleep Deprivation - 1329 Words

Running head: SLEEP DEPRIVATION 1 Sleep Deprivation Adolescent Development St. Joeseph’s College Professor McCambley 05/08/2017 Stephanie Lino Sleep Deprivation Sleep deprivation can effect development in a multitude of ways; it could be mental, emotional, or even physical. In some ways sleep deprivation is a very dangerous issue that can cause adolescents to have decreased cognitive functions and an increase in negative thoughts and feelings, thus putting them selves in harms way. These effects can be detrimental during one of the most important periods in human development, adolescence. The article titled†¦show more content†¦831-841) The age ranges for the participants were selected based off of previous research regarding development during puberty; sleep patterns during college and the transition between adolescence and adulthood. The subjects for this study were otherwise healthy individuals subjected to sleep-deprivation manipulation over the course of two nights, with most of the deprivation occurring the second night in the laboratory. Prior to reaching a state of sleep deprivation participants complete the Stanford Sleepiness Scale or SSS (Shown in Figure 1.) to obtain a baseline. Figure 1. The Stanford Sleepiness Scale is a one- item scale measuring an individuals degree of sleepiness. Retrieved from http://web.stanford.edu/~dement/sss.html After complete of a twelve hour period of wakefulness they repeated the SSS and in the two hours following the participants completed an affective battery exam. It is noted that partial sleep deprivation was chosen because it may be more comparable to the degree of deprivation that is experienced in the real world. Participants were also asked to sleep for eight and a half hours for a total of two nights and complete the SSS and the same affective functioning battery. 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Life in the Ocean Free Essays

Question 1: Parts of Chesapeake Bay were affected by unexpected blooms of a toxic dinoflagellate, Pfisteria piscicida, in 1997. Research those occurrences in the internet, and discuss the blooms and their effects on the local economy. Was it sensationalist press coverage, or a real danger to humans? Ans. We will write a custom essay sample on Life in the Ocean or any similar topic only for you Order Now :Â  During the summer of 1997, the Chesapeake Bay was reported to have an unexpected bloom of the plankton, Pfisteria piscicida. Experts believed that it was caused by too much pollution from the surrounding districts of Delaware, Maryland, New York, Pennsylvania, Virginia, West Virginia and the District of Columbia. Farms, factories, and towns contribute to the pollution. According to the Chesapeake Bay Foundation, 318 million pounds of nitrogen and 19 million pounds of phosphorus are deposited into the Bay as the result of development, run-off, and air pollutants. Agriculture and poultry operations constitute a large part of the causes of pollution of the Bay. The presence of these pollutants at high concentrations triggered the pfisteria bloom, the result of which was devastating. Thousands of fishes were killed rendering massive losses in the local economy, i.e. seafood sales drop. Maryland alone had lost $43 million in sales. Many people were sick due to the toxins taken from t he Bay products which increased expenditure in healthcare and medicine. Pfisteria bloom in the Chesapeake Bay posed a threat to humans as well as other organisms. In Maryland, environmentalists are making some steps to minimize pollution of the Bay. The US government had spent millions of dollars in trying to eradicate the cause of such phenomena. Question 2: Whale watching is considered as a worthwhile environmental activity. Some tour guide operations even allow `whale petting`, as in the Pacific Gray whale nursing grounds in Baja California. `Swim with the Dolphins` operators are popular in Florida, Hawaii, and the Caribbean. Discuss the potential deleterious effects that these interactions with humans may have on these marine mammals. Ans.:Â  Human activities have substantial effects to the marine environment, especially the marine mammals. Activities like that cause loud underwater noise, deep-water gillnetting and driftnet fishing, pollution, whaling, large-scale industrial fishing, vessel traffic as well as activities like whale-watching, whale-petting, or simply interacting with the marine mammals have deleterious effects to them. The immediate effect of these interactions to the marine mammals is disturbance. Whale-watchers observed that whales are becoming more difficult to search in the open seas because of changes of areas and modes of operation as the result of these disturbances. Visual and acoustic surveys proved that whales are susceptible to acoustic changes, i.e. sound of the vessel engine, as it is there primary mode of communication. Whales and other marine mammals use echolocation in searching for food and other activities (i.e. mating, social contact). Noise from tour boats disrupts the sound signals transmitted and received thereby affecting their senses. This resulted to decline in whale population and other marine mammals. Research also showed that the presence of tour boats in their surroundings causes stress which affects their behavior. Question 3. What fish and shellfish populations are at or below historic levels? What restoration efforts are being revised to manage the most important fisheries more effectively? Discuss these and other issues affecting marine resources RIGHT HERE in Maryland. Ans.:Â  Chesapeake Bay fish and shellfish populations are largely affected by pollution from the surrounding states. Blue crab, oyster, striped bass, Susquehanna shad, and menhaden are some of the species studied. Different strategies used to increase harvest were examined by scientists and natural resource managers. The American shad and the blue crab were found to have increased over the past decade and are no longer below historic levels. This increase was attributed to the responsible fisheries management. Current reports have shown that the Bay’s fish and shellfish are three-fifths away from the desired levels. In this regard, scientists and managers are trying their best to restore the Bay’s abundant estuarine ecosystem. The restoration efforts include the following activities and plans: reducing pollution, maintain restoring habits, responsible fisheries management, watershed protection, and fostering stewardship. Pollution, as the primary cause of death of estuarine species was tackled by different states by enforcing laws that protects the Bay area from ruthless throwing of waste matter, i.e. increasing taxation of industry-scale poultry operations in Maryland. References Spotts, P.N. (1997). US Pours Money, Expertise into Halting Legal ‘Blooms’ [Electronic Version]. Christian Science Monitor, 10/08/97(United States), 3. Retrieved April 22, 2007, from http://www.whoi.edu/redtide/notedevents/gennews/generalHABnews.html Goodman, P.S. (1998). Ma., Va. Brace for Pfiesteria Outbreaks. The Washington Post, April 5, 1998. Lauhakangas, R. (n.d.). Special Aspects of Sperm Whales and Their Relevance to Whale Watching. Retrieved April 22, 2007, from http://www.helsinki.fi/~lauhakan/whale/education/sc4876.html Stiffler, L. (2002). Whale-watchers Might be Harmful to Orcas, Study Shows. Retrieved April 22, 2007, from http://seattlepi.nwsource.com/local/72927_orca01.shtml How to cite Life in the Ocean, Essay examples

Life in the Ocean Free Essays

Question 1: Parts of Chesapeake Bay were affected by unexpected blooms of a toxic dinoflagellate, Pfisteria piscicida, in 1997. Research those occurrences in the internet, and discuss the blooms and their effects on the local economy. Was it sensationalist press coverage, or a real danger to humans? Ans. We will write a custom essay sample on Life in the Ocean or any similar topic only for you Order Now :Â  During the summer of 1997, the Chesapeake Bay was reported to have an unexpected bloom of the plankton, Pfisteria piscicida. Experts believed that it was caused by too much pollution from the surrounding districts of Delaware, Maryland, New York, Pennsylvania, Virginia, West Virginia and the District of Columbia. Farms, factories, and towns contribute to the pollution. According to the Chesapeake Bay Foundation, 318 million pounds of nitrogen and 19 million pounds of phosphorus are deposited into the Bay as the result of development, run-off, and air pollutants. Agriculture and poultry operations constitute a large part of the causes of pollution of the Bay. The presence of these pollutants at high concentrations triggered the pfisteria bloom, the result of which was devastating. Thousands of fishes were killed rendering massive losses in the local economy, i.e. seafood sales drop. Maryland alone had lost $43 million in sales. Many people were sick due to the toxins taken from t he Bay products which increased expenditure in healthcare and medicine. Pfisteria bloom in the Chesapeake Bay posed a threat to humans as well as other organisms. In Maryland, environmentalists are making some steps to minimize pollution of the Bay. The US government had spent millions of dollars in trying to eradicate the cause of such phenomena. Question 2: Whale watching is considered as a worthwhile environmental activity. Some tour guide operations even allow `whale petting`, as in the Pacific Gray whale nursing grounds in Baja California. `Swim with the Dolphins` operators are popular in Florida, Hawaii, and the Caribbean. Discuss the potential deleterious effects that these interactions with humans may have on these marine mammals. Ans.:Â  Human activities have substantial effects to the marine environment, especially the marine mammals. Activities like that cause loud underwater noise, deep-water gillnetting and driftnet fishing, pollution, whaling, large-scale industrial fishing, vessel traffic as well as activities like whale-watching, whale-petting, or simply interacting with the marine mammals have deleterious effects to them. The immediate effect of these interactions to the marine mammals is disturbance. Whale-watchers observed that whales are becoming more difficult to search in the open seas because of changes of areas and modes of operation as the result of these disturbances. Visual and acoustic surveys proved that whales are susceptible to acoustic changes, i.e. sound of the vessel engine, as it is there primary mode of communication. Whales and other marine mammals use echolocation in searching for food and other activities (i.e. mating, social contact). Noise from tour boats disrupts the sound signals transmitted and received thereby affecting their senses. This resulted to decline in whale population and other marine mammals. Research also showed that the presence of tour boats in their surroundings causes stress which affects their behavior. Question 3. What fish and shellfish populations are at or below historic levels? What restoration efforts are being revised to manage the most important fisheries more effectively? Discuss these and other issues affecting marine resources RIGHT HERE in Maryland. Ans.:Â  Chesapeake Bay fish and shellfish populations are largely affected by pollution from the surrounding states. Blue crab, oyster, striped bass, Susquehanna shad, and menhaden are some of the species studied. Different strategies used to increase harvest were examined by scientists and natural resource managers. The American shad and the blue crab were found to have increased over the past decade and are no longer below historic levels. This increase was attributed to the responsible fisheries management. Current reports have shown that the Bay’s fish and shellfish are three-fifths away from the desired levels. In this regard, scientists and managers are trying their best to restore the Bay’s abundant estuarine ecosystem. The restoration efforts include the following activities and plans: reducing pollution, maintain restoring habits, responsible fisheries management, watershed protection, and fostering stewardship. Pollution, as the primary cause of death of estuarine species was tackled by different states by enforcing laws that protects the Bay area from ruthless throwing of waste matter, i.e. increasing taxation of industry-scale poultry operations in Maryland. References Spotts, P.N. (1997). US Pours Money, Expertise into Halting Legal ‘Blooms’ [Electronic Version]. Christian Science Monitor, 10/08/97(United States), 3. Retrieved April 22, 2007, from http://www.whoi.edu/redtide/notedevents/gennews/generalHABnews.html Goodman, P.S. (1998). Ma., Va. Brace for Pfiesteria Outbreaks. The Washington Post, April 5, 1998. Lauhakangas, R. (n.d.). Special Aspects of Sperm Whales and Their Relevance to Whale Watching. Retrieved April 22, 2007, from http://www.helsinki.fi/~lauhakan/whale/education/sc4876.html Stiffler, L. (2002). Whale-watchers Might be Harmful to Orcas, Study Shows. Retrieved April 22, 2007, from http://seattlepi.nwsource.com/local/72927_orca01.shtml How to cite Life in the Ocean, Essay examples